NAME OF HOUSEHOLD HEAD_________
PLACE NAME_________
PROVINCE_________
URBAN/RURAL
RURAL 2
NAME AND NUMBER OF ENUMERATION AREA (DHS I.D.)_____
HOUSEHOLD NUMBER______
HOUSEHOLD SELECTED TO INTERVIEW MEN____
HOUSEHOLD SELECTED TO TEST CHILDREN___
HOUSEHOLD SELECTED FOR DOMESTIC VIOLENCE MODULE___
FIRST VISIT (REPEAT FOR SECOND AND THIRD VISITS)
DATE_________
INTERVIEWER'S NAME_________
RESULT___
ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT THE TIME OF VISIT 2
ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 3
POSTPONED 4
REFUSED 5
DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 6
DWELLING DESTROYED 7
DWELLING NOT FOUND 8
OTHER (SPECIFY) 9
ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT THE TIME OF VISIT 2
ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 3
POSTPONED 4
REFUSED 5
DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 6
DWELLING DESTROYED 7
DWELLING NOT FOUND 8
OTHER (SPECIFY) 9
NEXT VISIT (FOR INTERVIEWERS 1 AND 2)
DATE_________
TIME_________
FINAL VISIT
DAY_________
MONTH_________
YEAR 2011
CODE _________
RESULT_________
ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT OR NO COMPETENT RESPONDENT AT HOME AT THE TIME OF VISIT 2
ENTIRE HOUSEHOLD ABSENT FOR EXTENDED PERIOD OF TIME 3
POSTPONED 4
REFUSED 5
DWELLING VACANT OR ADDRESS NOT A DWELLING 6
DWELLING DESTROYED 7
DWELLING NOT FOUND 8
OTHER (SPECIFY) 9
TOTAL NUMBER OF VISITS_________
TOTAL PERSONS IN HOUSEHOLD_________
TOTAL NO. OF WOMEN 15-49_________
TOTAL NO. OF MEN 15-64_________
LINE NO. OF RESPONDENT TO HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONNAIRE_________
SUPERVISOR
NAME_________
DATE_________
Good morning/afternoon. My name is _________and I am working with the INE [NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STATISTICS] and this is my identification (SHOW YOUR IDENTIFICATION). We are conducting a national survey about various health issues. We would very much appreciate your participation in this survey. The information we collect will help the government to plan health services. I would like to ask you some questions about your household. Whatever information you provide will be kept strictly confidential and will not be shared with anyone other than members of our survey team.
Participation in this survey is voluntary, however extremely important. If I ask you any questions you don't want to answer, just let me know and I will go on to the next question or you can stop the interview at any time. We hope that you will participate in this survey since your views are important.
At this time, do you want to ask me anything about the survey?
In case you need more information about the survey, you may contact the person listed on this card.
GIVE CARD WITH CONTACT INFORMATION
May I begin the interview now?
SIGNATURE OF INTERVIEWER:____________ DATE:________________
RESPONDENT DOES NOT AGREE TO BE INTERVIEWED 2 (END INTERVIEW)
2) USUAL RESIDENTS AND VISITORS: Please give me the names of the persons who usually live in your household and guests of the household who stayed here last night, starting with the head of the household.
AFTER LISTING THE NAMES AND RECORDING THE RELATIONSHIP AND SEX FOR EACH PERSON, ASK QUESTIONS 2A-2C TO BE SURE THAT THE LISTING IS COMPLETE.
THEN ASK APPROPRIATE QUESTIONS IN COLUMNS 5-32 FOR EACH PERSON.
2A) Just to make sure that I have a complete listing: are there any other persons such as small children or infants that we have not listed?
NO
2B) Are there any other people who may not be members of your family, such as domestic servants, lodgers, or friends who usually live here?
NO
2C) Are there any guests or temporary visitors staying here, or anyone else who stayed here last night, who have not been listed?
NO
3) RELATIONSHIP TO HEAD OF HOUSEHOLD: What is the relationship of (NAME) to the head of the household?
HUSBAND OR WIFE 02
SON OR DAUGHTER 03
SON-IN-LAW OR DAUGHTER-IN-LAW 04
GRANDCHILD 05
FATHER/MOTHER 06
PARENT-IN-LAW 07
BROTHER OR SISTER 08
OTHER RELATIVE 09
ADOPTED/FOSTER CHILD 10
NOT RELATED 11
DON'T KNOW 98
4) SEX: Is (NAME) male or female?
FEMALE 2
5) RESIDENCE: Does (NAME) usually live here?
NO 2
6) RESIDENCE: Did (NAME) stay here last night?
NO 2
7) AGE: How old is (NAME)?
IF 95 OR MORE, RECORD '95'.
8) MARITAL STATUS IF AGE 15 OR OLDER: What is (NAME)'s current marital status?
DIVORCED/SEPARATED 2
WIDOWED 3
NEVER MARRIED AND NEVER LIVED TOGETHER 4
9) ELIGIBILITY: CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL WOMEN AGE 15-49
10) ELIGIBILITY: CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL MEN AGE 15-64
11) ELIGIBILITY: CIRCLE LINE NUMBER OF ALL CHILDREN AGE 0-5
PARENTAL SURVIVORSHIP: SURVIVORSHIP AND RESIDENCE OF BIOLOGICAL PARENTS IF AGE 0-17 YEARS
13) Is (NAME)'s natural mother alive?
NO 2 (GO TO 16)
DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 16)
14) Does (NAME)'s natural mother usually live in this household or was she a guest last night?
IF YES: What is her name?
RECORD MOTHER'S LINE NUMBER. IF NO, RECORD '00'
16) Is (NAME)'s natural FATHER alive?
NO 2 (GO TO 23)
DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 23)
17) Does (NAME)'s natural father usually live in this household or was he a guest last night?
IF YES: What is his name?
RECORD FATHER'S LINE NUMBER. IF NO, RECORD '00'
EVER ATTENDED SCHOOL IF AGE 5 YEARS OR OLDER:
23) Has (NAME) ever attended school?
NO 2 (GO TO NEXT LINE)
24) What is the highest level of school (NAME) has attended? What is the highest grade (NAME) completed at that level?
01 = PRIMARY EP1
02 = PRIMARY EP2
03 = SECONDARY ESG1
04 = SECONDARY ESG2
05 = TECHNICAL ELEMENTARY
06 = TECHNICAL BASIC
07 = TECHNICAL ADVANCED
08 = TEACHER PREP
09 = HIGHER
98 = DON'T KNOW
25) Did (NAME) attend school at any time during the current school year?
NO 2 (GO TO NEXT LINE)
26) During the current school year, what level and grade [is/was] (NAME) attending?
01 = PRIMARY EP1 GRADE 01-05
02 = PRIMARY EP2 GRADE 06-07
03 = SECONDARY ESG1 GRADE 08-10
04 = SECONDARY ESG2 GRADE 11-12
05 = TECHNICAL ELEMENTARY YEAR 01-03
06 = TECHNICAL BASIC YEAR 01-03
07 = TECHNICAL ADVANCED YEAR 01-03
08 = TEACHER PREP YEAR 01-03
09 = HIGHER YEAR 01-07
32) BIRTH REGISTRATION IF AGE 0-4 YEARS: Does (NAME) have a birth certificate?
IF NO, PROBE: Has (NAME)'s birth ever been registered with the civil authority?
REGISTERED 2
NEITHER 3
DON'T KNOW 8
100. How often does anyone smoke inside your house? Would you say daily, weekly, monthly, less than monthly or never?
WEEKLY 2
MONTHLY 3
LESS THAN MONTHLY 4
NEVER 5
101. What is the principal source of drinking water for members of your household?
PIPED INTO YARD/PLOT 12 (GO TO 105)
PIPED INTO NEIGHBOR'S RESIDENCE 13 (GO TO 104)
PUBLIC TAP/STANDPIPE 14 (GO TO 104)
UNPROTECTED WELL 32
GROUND HOLE WITH MANUAL PUMP 33
TANKER TRUCK 61 (GO TO 105)
BOTTLED WATER 91 (GO TO 107)
103. Where is that water source located?
ELSEWHERE 3
104. How long does it take to get there, get water, and come back?
DON'T KNOW 998
104A. What is the distance on foot from your home to the location of the water source?
IF ANSWER IS GIVEN IN KILOMETERS, MULTIPLY IT BY 1,000
10,000 METERS OR MORE 9995
DON'T KNOW 9998
105. Do you do anything to the water to make it safer to drink?
NO 2 (GO TO 107)
DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 107)
106. What do you usually do to make the water safer to drink?
Anything else?
RECORD ALL MENTIONED.
ADD BLEACH/CHLORINE B
ADD "CERTEZA" [LOCAL WATER PURIFIER] C
STRAIN THROUGH A CLOTH D
USE WATER FILTER (CERAMIC/SAND/COMPOSITE/ETC.) E
SOLAR DISINFECTION F
LET IT STAND AND SETTLE G
OTHER (SPECIFY)___ X
DON'T KNOW Z
107. What kind of toilet facility do members of your household usually use?
TOILET WITHOUT FLUSHING SYSTEM 12
VENTILATED IMPROVE PIT LATRINE 21
PIT LATRINE WITH SLAB 22
PIT LATRINE WITHOUT SLAB 23
NO FACILITY/BUSH 61 (GO TO 110)
OTHER (SPECIFY)___ 96
108. Do you share this toilet facility with other households?
NO 2 (GO TO 110)
109. How many households use this toilet facility?
10 OR MORE HOUSEHOLDS 95
DON'T KNOW 98
110. Does your household have:
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
111. What type of fuel does your household mainly use for cooking?
NATURAL GAS 03
PETROLEUM/PARAFFIN/KEROSENE 04
COAL, LIGNITE 06
CHARCOAL 07
WOOD 08
ANIMAL DUNG 09
NO FOOD COOKED IN HOUSEHOLD 95 (GO TO 114)
OTHER (SPECIFY)___96
112. Is the cooking usually done in the house, in a separate building, or outdoors?
IN A SEPARATE BUILDING 2 (GO TO 114)
OUTDOORS 3 (GO TO 114)
OTHER (SPECIFY)___6 (GO TO 114)
113. Do you have a separate room which is used as a kitchen?
NO 2
114. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE FLOOR
RECORD OBSERVATION
EARTH/SAND 12
WOOD PLANKS 21
ADOBE 22
PARQUET OR POLISHED WOOD 31
CERAMIC TILES 32
CEMENT 34
OTHER (SPECIFY)___96
115. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE ROOF
RECORD OBSERVATION
THATCH/PALM LEAF/BAMBOO ROOF 12
METAL ROOF 31
FIBRE CEMENT SHEET 33
ROOFING SHINGLES 34
CONCRETE SLAB 35
OTHER (SPECIFY)___96
116. MAIN MATERIAL OF THE EXTERIOR WALLS
RECORD OBSERVATION
CANE/PALM/TRUNKS 12
ALUMINUM/CARDBOARD/PAPER/ PLASTIC 13
BAMBOO WITH MUD 21
REUSED WOOD 22
WOOD/METAL SHEET 23
ADOBE 24
BRICKS 31
CEMENT 32
OTHER (SPECIFY)___96
117. How many divisions/rooms in this household are used for sleeping?
118. Does any member of your household own:
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
NO 2
119. Does any member of this household own any agricultural land?
NO 2 (GO TO 121)
120. How many hectares of agricultural land do members of this household own?
IF 95 OR MORE, CIRCLE '950'
95 OR MORE HECTARES 950
DON'T KNOW 998
121. Does this household own any livestock, herds, other farm animals, or poultry?
NO 2 (GO TO 123)
122. How many of the following animals does this household own?
IF NONE, ENTER '00'.
IF 95 OR MORE, ENTER '95'.
IF UNKNOWN, ENTER '98'
123. Does any member of this household have a bank account?
NO 2
124. At any time in the past 12 months, has anyone come into your dwelling to spray the interior walls against mosquitoes?
NO 2 (GO TO 126)
DON'T KNOW 8 (GO TO 126)
125. Who sprayed the dwelling?
PRIATE COMPANY B
NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION (NGO) C
OTHER (SPECIFY)______ X
DON'T KNOW Z
126. Does your household have any mosquito nets that can be used while sleeping?
NO 2 (GO TO 137)
127. How many mosquito nets does your household have?
IF 7 OR MORE NETS, RECORD '7'
128. ASK THE RESPONDENT TO SHOW YOU ALL THE NETS IN THE HOUSEHOLD.
IF MORE THAN 3 NETS, USE ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE(S)
OBSERVED WITH NO HOLES 2
NOT OBSERVED 3
129. How many months ago did your households get the (1st, 2nd, 3rd) mosquito net?
IF LESS THAN A ONE MONTH AGO, RECORD '00'.
MORE THAN 36 MONTHS AGO 95
NOT SURE 98
130. OBSERVE OR ASK THE BRAND/TYPE OF MOSQUITO NET.
IF BRAND IS UNKNOWN AND YOU CANNOT OBSERVE THE NET, SHOW PICTURES OF TYPICAL NET TYPES/BRANDS TO RESPONDENT.
NET PROTECT 2 (GO TO 134)
OLYSET 3 (GO TO 134)
OTHER TREATED NET BRAND 4 (GO TO 134)
OTHER_____ 6
DON'T KNOW BRAND/ DON'T KNOW 8
131. When you got the net, was it ever soaked or dipped in a liquid to kill or repel mosquitoes?
NO 2
NOT SURE 8
132. Since you got the net, was it ever soaked or dipped in a liquid to kill or repel mosquitoes?
NO 2 (GO TO 134)
NOT SURE 8 (GO TO 134)
133. How many months ago was the net last soaked or dipped?
IF LESS THAN ONE MONTH AGO, RECORD '00'.
MORE THAN 24 MONTHS AGO 95
NOT SURE 98
134. Did anyone sleep under this mosquito net last night?
NO 2 (GO TO 136)
NOT SURE 8 (GO TO 136)
135. Who slept under this mosquito net last night?
RECORD THE PERSON'S NAME AND LINE NUMBER FROM THE HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULE.
136. GO BACK TO 128 FOR NEXT NET; OR, IF NO MORE NETS, GO TO 137.
137. Please show me where members of your household most often wash their hands.
NOT OBSERVED, NOT IN DWELLING/YARD/PLOT 2 (GO TO 140)
NOT OBSERVED, NO PERMISSION TO SEE 3 (GO TO 140)
NOT OBSERVED, OTHER REASON 4 (GO TO 140)
138. OBSERVATION ONLY:
OBSERVE PRESENCE OF WATER AT THE PLACE FOR HANDWASHING.
WATER IS NOT AVAILABLE 2
139. OBSERVATION ONLY:
OBSERVE PRESENCE OF SOAP, DETERGENT, OR OTHER CLEANSING AGENT.
ASH, MUD, SAND B
NONE C
140. ASK RESPONDENT FOR A TEASPOONFUL OF COOKING SALT.
TEST SALT FOR IODINE
NO IODINE 2
NO SALT IN HOUSEHOLD 3
SALT NOT TESTED (SPECIFY REASON)____6
WEIGHT, HEIGHT, HEMOGLOBIN AND MALARIA MEASUREMENT FOR CHILDREN AGE 0-5
201. INTERVIEWER: RECORD THE LINE NUMBER AND THE NAME FOR ALL ELIGIBLE CHILD FOR THE TEST AND THEN GO TO THE NURSE/TECHNICIAN OR SUPERVISOR
202. LINE NUMBER AND NAME
203. ASK THE RESPONDENT:
What is (NAME)'s birth date?
MONTH__
YEAR__
204. CHECK 203:
CHILD BORN IN JANUARY 2006 OR LATER?
NO 2 (GO TO 203 FOR NEXT CHILD, IF NO MORE CHILDREN, GO TO 214)
NOT PRESENT 9994
REFUSED 9995
OTHER 9996
NOT PRESENT 9994
REFUSED 9995
OTHER 9996
207. MEASURED LYING DOWN OR STANDING UP?
STANDING UP 2
NOT MEASURED 3
HOUSEHOLD NOT SELECTED TO TEST CHILDREN (GO TO 219)
208. CHECK 203:
IS CHILD AGE 0-5? WAS CHILD BORN IN MONTH OF INTERVIEW OR FIVE PREVIOUS MONTHS?
6 MONTHS OR OLDER 2
209. ASK FOR THE ADULT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHILD, RECORD THE NAME OF PARENT/OTHER ADULT RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHILD
210. ASK CONSENT FOR ANEMIA TEST FROM PARENT/OTHER ADULT IDENTIFIED IN 209 AS RESPONSIBLE FOR CHILD
REFUSED 2 (SIGN)_____
211. ASK CONSENT FOR MALARIA TEST FROM PARENT/OTHER ADULT IDENTIFIED IN 209 AS RESPONSIBLE FOR CHILD
REFUSED 2 (SIGN)_____
(TEST CHILDREN WITH GRANTED CONSENT AND THEN CONTINUE WITH 212)
212. RECORD THE RESULT OF ANEMIA TESTING
NOT PRESENT 2 (GO TO 214)
REFUSED 3 (GO TO 214)
OTHER 6 (GO TO 214)
213. RECORD THE HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL HERE AND IN THE ANEMIA PAMPHLET
214. RECORD THE CODE OF THE RESULT OF MALARIA TESTING
NOT PRESENT 2 (GO TO 218)
REFUSED 3 (GO TO 218)
OTHER 6 (GO TO 218)
215. BAR CODE LABEL:
PASTE HERE THE BAR CODE LABEL AND ALSO IN THE CARD OF SAMPLES
NEGATIVE 2 (GO TO 218)
OTHER 6 (GO TO 218)
217. READ THE INFORMATION ABOUT MALARIA TREATMENT AND ASK CONSENT FROM PARENT/OTHER ADULT RESPONSIBLE FOR CHILD, THEN ASK IS THE CHILD HAS RECEIVED ANY ANTI-MALARIAL TREATMENT.
REFUSED 2
HAS RECEIVED TCA (THERAPY COMBINING A BASE OF ARTEMISININ) 3
NOT ELIGIBLE 4
OTHER 5
218. GO BACK TO 203 IN THE NEXT COLUMN OF THIS QUESTIONNAIRE OR IN THE FIRST COLUMN OF AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE; IF NO MORE CHILDREN GO TO 219.
As part of this survey we are asking people all over the country to take an anemia test. Anemia is a serious health problem that usually results from poor nutrition, infection, or chronic diseases. This survey will assist the government to develop programs to prevent and treat anemia.
We ask that all children born in 2006 or later take part in the anemia testing in this survey and give a few drops of blood from a finger. The equipment used to take the blood is clean and completely safe. It has never been used before and will be thrown away after each test.
The blood will be tested for anemia immediately, and the result told to you right away. The result will be kept strictly confidential and will not be shared with anyone other than members of our survey team.
Do you have any questions?
You can say yes to the test, or you can say no. It is up to you to decide.
Will you allow (NAME OF CHILD) to participate in the anemia test?
CONSENT FOR MALARIA
As part of this survey we are asking people all over the country to take a malaria test. Malaria is a serious health problem that usually is caused by parasites transmitted by mosquito bites This survey will assist the government to develop programs to prevent and treat malaria.
We ask that all children born in 2006 or later take part in the malaria testing in this survey and give a few drops of blood from a finger. The equipment used to take the blood is clean and completely safe. It has never been used before and will be thrown away after each test.
The blood will be tested for malaria immediately, and the result told to you right away. The result will be kept strictly confidential and will not be shared with anyone other than members of our survey team.
Do you have any questions?
You can say yes to the test, or you can say no. It is up to you to decide.
Will you allow (NAME OF CHILD) to participate in the malaria test?
TREATMENT FOR CHILDREN WHO RESULTED POSITIVE IN MALARIA TEST
IF THE MALARIA TEST RESULTED POSITIVE: The malaria test indicates that your child has malaria. We can give you treatment for free. The treatment is a medicine called THERAPY COMBINING A BASE OF ARTEMISININ "TCA". This medicine is very efficiently and in a few days will eliminate any fever and other symptoms.
ASK IF THE CHILD HAS TAKEN OR IS TAKING OTHER MEDICINE BEFORE YOU OFFER TCA. IN CASE THAT THE CHILD HAS TAKEN OR IS TAKING OTHER MEDICINE, ASK TO SEE THE MEDICINE, IF THE CHILD IS TAKING TCA, VERIFY THE GIVEN DOSE. BE MINDFUL OF NOT GIVING AN EXCESS OF MEDICINE TO THE CHILD.
You do not have to give the medicine to the child. It is up to you to decide. Please tell me if you accept or not the medicine.
WEIGHT, HEIGHT AND HEMOGLOBIN TESTING FOR WOMEN AGE 15-49
219. INTERVIEWER: RECORD THE LINE NUMBER AND NAME FOR ALL ELIGIBLE WOMEN, THEN GO TO THE NURSE/TECHNICIAN OR SUPERVISOR.
220. WOMAN'S LINE NUMBER AND NAME
NOT PRESENT 99994
REFUSED 99995
OTHER 99996
NOT PRESENT 99994
REFUSED 9995
OTHER 9996
18-49 YEARS 2 (GO TO 228)
224. ASK WOMAN'S MARITAL STATUS
OTHER 2 (GO TO 228)
225. ASK ABOUT THE PARENT/OTHER ADULT RESPONSIBLE FOR ADOLESCENT. RECORD THE NAME OF PARENT/OTHER ADULT RESPONSIBLE FOR ADOLESCENT.
226. ASK CONSENT FOR ANEMIA TEST FROM PARENT/OTHER ADULT IDENTIFIED IN 225 AS RESPONSIBLE FOR ADOLESCENT.
As part of this survey we are asking people all over the country to take an anemia test. Anemia is a serious health problem that usually results from poor nutrition, infection, or chronic diseases. This survey will assist the government to develop programs to prevent and treat anemia.
For the anemia testing, we will need a few drops of blood from a finger. The equipment used to take the blood is clean and completely safe. It has never been used before and will be thrown away after each test.
The blood will be tested for anemia immediately, and the result told to you and (NAME OF ADOLESCENT) right away. The result will be kept strictly confidential and will not be shared with anyone other than members of our survey team.
Do you have any questions? You can say yes to the test, or you can say no. It is up to you to decide. Will you allow (NAME OF ADOLESCENT) to participate in the anemia test?
227. CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE AND SIGN YOUR NAME
PARENT/OTHER RESPONSIBLE ADULT REFUSED 2 (SIGN)____ (GO TO 242)
228. ASK CONSENT FOR ANEMIA TEST FROM RESPONDENT
As part of this survey we are asking people all over the country to take an anemia test. Anemia is a serious health problem that usually results from poor nutrition, infection, or chronic diseases. This survey will assist the government to develop programs to prevent and treat anemia.
For the anemia testing, we will need a few drops of blood from a finger. The equipment used to take the blood is clean and completely safe. It has never been used before and will be thrown away after each test.
The blood will be tested for anemia immediately, and the result told to you right away. The result will be kept strictly confidential and will not be shared with anyone other than members of our survey team.
Do you have any questions? You can say yes to the test, or you can say no. It is up to you to decide. Will you take the anemia test?
229. CIRCLE THE APPROPRIATE CODE AND SIGN YOUR NAME
REFUSED 2 (SIGN)____ (GO TO 242)
NO 2
DON'T KNOW 8
240. RECORD HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL HERE AND IN ANEMIA PAMPHLET
NOT PRESENT 994
REFUSED 995
OTHER 996
242. GO BACK TO 221 IN THE COLUMN OF THIS QUESTIONNAIRE OR IN THE FIRST COLUMN OF AN ADDITIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE; IF NO MORE WOMEN, GO TO SELECTED QUESTIONNAIRES.