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DVCTOTAL
(D102)Number of control issues
Codes and Frequencies
Description
For women who were randomly selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and had ever been married, DVCTOTAL (D102) reports the total number of control issues exhibited by their husband. Control issues include jealousy, limitations on contact with family and friends, accusations of cheating, insistence upon always knowing a woman's location, and, often, distrust with money.
Comparability — Index
Comparability
Because DVCTOTAL (D102) is calculated by counting the number of control issues reported, its maximum value varies across samples based on how many questions about control issues are included in the survey.
Most samples that have any control issue variables contain at least 6 such questions used to calculate DVCTOTAL. Prior to 2011, all samples that included control issue variables used, at a minimum, the following variables to calculate DVCTOTAL:
DVCJEALOUS (D101A)
DVCCHEAT (D101B)
DVCMEETFRND (D101C)
DVCFAMILY (D101D)
DVCLOCATION (D101E)
DVCMONEY (D101F)
Samples fielded after 2010 generally include 5 standard questions relating to control issues, drawn from the above list except for excluding DVCMONEY.
Some samples contain additional control issue questions, resulting in a higher maximum value of DVCTOTAL for those samples. Analysts who wish to use DVCTOTAL with multiple DHS samples are advised to top-code the variable at 6, if using data from 2010 or earlier, or to top-code the maximum value of DVCTOTAL at 5 if including samples from 2011 forward.
Only countries with comparability issues for this variable are discussed below.
Comparability - Standard DHS
The five or six standard variables used to calculate DVCTOTAL (D102) is not included any phase of the standard DHS questionnaire, but they are based on questions included in Phases IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII of the standard domestic violence module.
DVCJEALOUS, DVCCHEAT, DVCMEETFRND, DVCFAMILY and DVCLOCATION are included in all three versions of the standard domestic violence module. DVCMONEY is included only in Phases IV and V of the standard domestic violence module.
Additional control issue variables are not included in either the standard DHS questionnaire or the standard domestic violence module.
Comparability — Burkina Faso [top]
In addition to the six standard control issue variables, the Burkina Faso 2010 sample includes one other such variable:
DVCJOB (D101G)
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 7 for the Burkina Faso 2010 sample.
Comparability — Cambodia [top]
The Cambodia 2014 survey includes the six standard control issue variables, including DVCMONEY, which is typically excluded from samples fielded after 2010.
In addition to the six standard control variables, the Cambodia 2014 sample includes one other such variables:
DVCCANTPAY (D101G)
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 7 for the Cambodia 2014 sample.
Comparability — Colombia [top]
The Colombia 2005, 2010, and 2015 surveys include the six standard control issue variables, including DVCMONEY, which is typically excluded from samples fielded after 2010.
In addition to the six standard control variables, the Colombia 2005, 2010, and 2015 sample includes three other such variables:
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 9 for the Colombia 2005, 2010, and 2015 samples.
In addition to the six standard control variables, the 2000 Colombia survey includes one other such variable:
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 7 for the Colombia 2000 sample.
Comparability — Cote d'Ivoire [top]
In addition to the six standard control issue variables, the Cote d'Ivoire 2011 sample includes one other such variable:
DVCJOB (D101G)
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 7 for the Cote d'Ivoire 2011 sample.
Comparability — Gabon [top]
The Gabon 2019 survey includes the six standard control issue variables, including DVCMONEY, which is typically excluded from samples fielded after 2010.
In addition to the six standard control variables, the Gabon 2018 sample includes two other such variables:
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 8 for the Gabon 2019 sample.
Comparability — Ghana [top]
In addition to the six standard control issue variables, the Ghana 2008 sample includes three other such variables:
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 9 for the Ghana 2008 sample.
Comparability — Guatemala [top]
The Guatemala 2015 survey includes the six standard control issue variables, including DVCMONEY, which is typically excluded from samples fielded after 2010.
Comparability — India [top]
The India 2019 survey includes the six standard control issue variables, including DVCMONEY, which is typically excluded from samples fielded after 2010.
Comparability — Mali [top]
In addition to the six standard control issue variables, the Mali 2006 sample includes one other such variable:
DVCJOB (D101G)
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 7 for the Mali 2006 sample.
Comparability — Peru [top]
The Peru 2011 and 2012 surveys include the six standard control issue variables, including DVCMONEY, which is typically excluded from samples fielded after 2010.
Comparability — South Africa [top]
The 2016 South Africa survey asks about the respondent's current or most recent spouse, live-in partner, or boyfriend.
Comparability — Türkiye [top]
The Turkey 2018 survey includes the six standard control issue variables, including DVCMONEY, which is typically excluded from samples fielded after 2010.
Comparability — Ukraine [top]
In addition to the six standard control issue variables, the Ukraine 2007 sample includes one other such variable:
Thus, DVCTOTAL has a maximum value of 7 for the Ukraine 2007 sample.
Universe
- Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Angola 2015: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Armenia 2015: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Azerbaijan 2006: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man, in households selected for the men's survey.
- Burkina Faso 2010: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Burkina Faso 2021: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module, and have ever been married, lived with, or had an intimate relationship with a man.
- Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Cambodia 2000: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Cambodia 2005: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Cambodia 2014: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Cambodia 2021: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module, and have ever been married, lived with, or had an intimate relationship with a man.
- Cameroon 2004: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man (excluding widows).
- Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-64 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Chad 2014: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man, in households selected for the men's survey.
- Colombia 2000: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Colombia 2005: Women age 13-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Colombia 2010: Women age 13-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Colombia 2015: Women age 13-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Comoros 2012: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2011: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2021: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married, lived with, or in an intimate relationship with a man.
- Dominican Republic 2002: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Dominican Republic 2007: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Dominican Republic 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Ethiopia 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Gabon 2012: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Gabon 2019: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Gambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Gambia 2019: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Ghana 2008: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Ghana 2022: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module, and have ever been married, lived with, or had an intimate relationship with a man.
- Guatemala 2015: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Haiti 2000: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Haiti 2006: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Haiti 2012: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Haiti 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Honduras 2011: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- India 2005: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been in a consummated marriage.
- India 2015: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been in a consummated marriage.
- India 2019: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been in a consummated marriage.
- Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Jordan 2023: Ever-married women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Kenya 2008: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man, in households selected for the long questionnaire.
- Kenya 2022: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married, lived with, or in an intimate relationship with a man.
- Kyrgyz Republic 2012: Women age 16-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Lesotho 2023: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module, and have ever been married, lived with, or had an intimate relationship with a man.
- Liberia 2007: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Liberia 2019: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Madagascar 2021: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Malawi 2004: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man (excluding widows).
- Malawi 2010: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Malawi 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Maldives 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Mali 2006: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Mali 2012: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Mali 2018: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Mauritania 2021: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Moldova 2005: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Mozambique 2011: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Mozambique 2022: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module, and have ever been married, lived with, or had an intimate relationship with a man.
- Myanmar 2015: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married.
- Namibia 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Nepal 2011: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Nepal 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Nepal 2022: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married, lived with, or in an intimate relationship with a man.
- Nigeria 2008: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Nigeria 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Nigeria 2018: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module.
- Papua New Guinea 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Peru 2006: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Peru 2009: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Peru 2010: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Peru 2011: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Peru 2012: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Philippines 2008: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Philippines 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Philippines 2017: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Philippines 2022: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module, and have ever been married, lived with, or had an intimate relationship with a man.
- Rwanda 2005: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Rwanda 2014: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Rwanda 2019: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Sao Tome 2008: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Senegal 2017: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Senegal 2018: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Senegal 2019: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Sierra Leone 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Sierra Leone 2019: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- South Africa 2016: Women age 18-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a partner, or have ever had a boyfriend.
- Tajikistan 2012: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Tajikistan 2017: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Tanzania 2010: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Tanzania 2015: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Tanzania 2022: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Timor-Leste 2009: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Timor-Leste 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Togo 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Türkiye 2018: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Uganda 2006: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Uganda 2011: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Uganda 2016: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Ukraine 2007: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Zambia 2007: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Zambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Zambia 2018: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Zimbabwe 2005: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Zimbabwe 2010: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
- Zimbabwe 2015: Women age 15-49 who were selected and interviewed for the domestic violence module and have ever been married or lived with a man.
