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MAR1STCMC (V509)
Date of first marriage or cohabitation (CMC)
Return to Marriage and cohabitation variables list

Codes

MAR1STCMC (V509) is a 4-digit variable.

9996 = Not consummated
9997 = Don't know
9998 = Missing
9999 = NIU (not in universe)

Description

MAR1STCMC (V509) reports the century month code (CMC) for the date of the woman's first marriage or cohabitation.

Century month codes (CMC) are particularly useful checking the consistency of dates, calculating intervals between events, and imputing dates when the information for an event is missing or partially complete.

Century month codes (CMC) are calculated by multiplying by 12 the difference between the year of an event and 1900. The year 1900 was chosen as the reference period because all of the DHS-relevant events occurred during the twentieth or twenty-first centuries. The month of the event is added to the previous result.

CMC = (Year–1900) * 12 + Month

For example, the CMC for June 2002 is:

CMC = (2002–1900) * 12 + 6 = 1230

In other words, 1,230 months have elapsed between January 1900 and June 2002. Starting with CMC figures, one can calculate the month and year using the following formulas:

Year = int( ( CMC – 1 )/12 ) + 1900
[int(x) is the integer part of x]
Month = CMC – ( ( Year – 1900 ) * 12 )

For more information, visit The DHS Program website to find the latest Guide to DHS Statistics.

Comparability — Index

GENERAL
 South Africa

Comparability

Apart from universe differences, MAR1STCMC (V509) is largely comparable across samples.

While all samples in MAR1STCMC utilize the Gregorian calendar, certain countries use country-specific calendars. These countries (noted below) are excluded from MAR1STCMC but are included in country-specific variables.

Comparability - Standard DHS

MAR1STCMC (V509) is a standard recode variable included in every phase of the DHS data.

Comparability — South Africa [top]

Unlike most other surveys, the 2016 South Africa survey does not limit marriage or cohabitation to a relationship between a man and a woman; the 2016 South Africa questionnaire asks about the woman's "spouse/partner."

Universe

  • Angola 2015: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Bangladesh 1994: Ever-married women age 10-49.
  • Bangladesh 1997: Ever-married women age 10-49.
  • Bangladesh 2000: Ever-married women age 10-49.
  • Bangladesh 2004: Ever-married women age 10-49.
  • Bangladesh 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 2011: Ever-married women age 12-49.
  • Bangladesh 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Benin 1996: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Benin 2001: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Benin 2006: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Benin 2011: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Burkina Faso 1993: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Burkina Faso 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Burkina Faso 2003: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Burkina Faso 2010: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Burundi 1987: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Burundi 2010: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cameroon 1991: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cameroon 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cameroon 2004: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-64 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Central African Republic 1995: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Chad 1996: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Chad 2004: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Chad 2014: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2005: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2011: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 1994: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 2011: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Egypt 1988: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 1992: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 1995: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2000: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2003: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Ghana 1988: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Ghana 1993: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Ghana 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Ghana 2003: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Ghana 2008: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Ghana 2014: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Guinea 1999: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Guinea 2005: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Guinea 2012: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Guinea 2018: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • India 1998: Ever-married women age 13-49.
  • India 2005: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • India 2015: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married.
  • Jordan 1990: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 1997: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2002: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2009: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 1989: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Kenya 1993: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Kenya 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Kenya 2003: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Kenya 2008: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Lesotho 2004: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Lesotho 2009: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Lesotho 2014: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Liberia 1986: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Liberia 2007: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Liberia 2013: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Madagascar 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Madagascar 1997: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Madagascar 2003: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Madagascar 2008: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Malawi 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Malawi 2000: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Malawi 2004: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Malawi 2010: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Malawi 2016: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mali 1987: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mali 1995: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mali 2001: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mali 2006: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mali 2012: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mali 2018: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Morocco 1987: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Morocco 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married.
  • Morocco 2003: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married.
  • Mozambique 1997: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mozambique 2003: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Mozambique 2011: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Myanmar 2015: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married.
  • Namibia 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Namibia 2000: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Namibia 2006: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Namibia 2013: Women age 15-64 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Niger 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Niger 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Niger 2006: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Niger 2012: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Nigeria 1990: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Nigeria 1999: Women age 10-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Nigeria 2003: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Nigeria 2008: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Nigeria 2013: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Nigeria 2018: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Pakistan 1991: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2006: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Rwanda 2000: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Rwanda 2005: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Rwanda 2010: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Rwanda 2014: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 1986: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 1997: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 2005: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 2010: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 2012: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 2014: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 2015: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 2016: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Senegal 2017: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • South Africa 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • South Africa 2016: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Sri Lanka 1987: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Sudan 1989: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 1991: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Tanzania 1996: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Tanzania 1999: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Tanzania 2004: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Tanzania 2010: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Tanzania 2015: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Togo 1988: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Togo 1998: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Togo 2013: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Tunisia 1988: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 1988: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Uganda 1995: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Uganda 2001: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Uganda 2006: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Uganda 2011: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Uganda 2016: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Yemen 1991: Ever-married women age 15-54.
  • Yemen 2013: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married.
  • Zambia 1992: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zambia 1996: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zambia 2001: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zambia 2007: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zambia 2018: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zimbabwe 1988: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zimbabwe 1994: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zimbabwe 1999: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zimbabwe 2005: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zimbabwe 2010: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Zimbabwe 2015: Women age 15-49 who have ever been married or lived with a man.
  • Angola: 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Bangladesh: 1994-W, 1994-C, 1994-W, 1994-B, 1997-W, 1997-W, 1997-B, 1997-C, 2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-C, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2004-B, 2004-C, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2007-B, 2007-C, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-B, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
  • Benin: 1996-C, 1996-B, 1996-W, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2001-B, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Burkina Faso: 1993-W, 1993-C, 1993-B, 1998-B, 1998-C, 1998-W, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W
  • Burundi: 1987-W, 1987-C, 1987-B, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Cameroon: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 1998-W, 1998-B, 1998-C, 2004-B, 2004-C, 2004-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B
  • Central African Republic: 1995-W, 1995-C, 1995-B
  • Chad: 1996-W, 1996-C, 1996-B, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2004-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B
  • Congo (Democratic Republic): 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B
  • Congo Brazzaville: 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Cote d'Ivoire: 1994-W, 1994-C, 1994-B, 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B
  • Egypt: 1988-W, 1988-B, 1988-C, 1992-W, 1992-W, 1992-B, 1992-C, 1995-C, 1995-B, 1995-W, 1995-W, 2000-C, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-W, 2003-B, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-W, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W
  • Eswatini (Swaziland): 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W
  • Ghana: 1988-B, 1988-C, 1988-W, 1993-W, 1993-B, 1993-C, 1998-C, 1998-B, 1998-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
  • Guinea: 1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-W, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • India: 1998-W, 1998-B, 1998-C, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Jordan: 1990-W, 1990-W, 1990-C, 1990-B, 1997-W, 1997-W, 1997-B, 1997-C, 2002-C, 2002-B, 2002-W, 2002-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2009-C, 2009-W, 2009-W, 2009-B, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Kenya: 1989-W, 1989-C, 1989-B, 1993-W, 1993-B, 1993-C, 1998-C, 1998-W, 1998-B, 1998-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W
  • Lesotho: 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W
  • Liberia: 1986-W, 1986-C, 1986-B, 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W
  • Madagascar: 1992-C, 1992-B, 1992-W, 1997-W, 1997-C, 1997-B, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2008-W
  • Malawi: 1992-C, 1992-W, 1992-B, 2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-B, 2000-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-C, 2004-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Mali: 1987-C, 1987-W, 1987-B, 1995-W, 1995-C, 1995-B, 2001-W, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2001-B, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Morocco: 1987-W, 1987-C, 1987-B, 1992-W, 1992-C, 1992-B, 1992-W, 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2003-W
  • Mozambique: 1997-W, 1997-C, 1997-B, 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-W, 2003-B, 2011-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W
  • Myanmar: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W
  • Namibia: 1992-C, 1992-B, 1992-W, 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-W
  • Niger: 1992-W, 1992-C, 1992-B, 1998-B, 1998-C, 1998-W, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W
  • Nigeria: 1990-W, 1990-B, 1990-C, 1999-B, 1999-C, 1999-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2003-W, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Pakistan: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • Rwanda: 1992-C, 1992-B, 1992-W, 2000-W, 2000-W, 2000-C, 2000-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-W, 2014-C
  • Senegal: 1986-W, 1986-B, 1986-C, 1992-W, 1992-B, 1992-C, 1997-C, 1997-W, 1997-B, 2005-C, 2005-W, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2014-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2016-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-W
  • South Africa: 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Sri Lanka: 1987-W, 1987-C, 1987-B
  • Sudan: 1989-W, 1989-C, 1989-B
  • Tanzania: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 1996-W, 1996-B, 1996-C, 1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-W, 2004-C, 2004-B, 2004-W, 2004-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W
  • Togo: 1988-W, 1988-C, 1988-B, 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B
  • Tunisia: 1988-W, 1988-C, 1988-B
  • Uganda: 1988-C, 1988-W, 1988-B, 1995-W, 1995-C, 1995-B, 2001-W, 2001-B, 2001-C, 2001-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2006-W, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-B, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W
  • Yemen: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-W
  • Zambia: 1992-C, 1992-W, 1992-B, 1996-W, 1996-C, 1996-B, 2001-B, 2001-W, 2001-C, 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-W, 2007-C, 2013-W, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W
  • Zimbabwe: 1988-W, 1988-C, 1988-B, 1994-W, 1994-W, 1994-B, 1994-C, 1999-C, 1999-B, 1999-W, 1999-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W