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The DHS Program, which manages registration and access for IPUMS DHS, is again reviewing new user applications and requests for expanded access from currently approved users.

TREATWTRYN

(HV237)
Household uses any method to treat drinking water
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Codes and Frequencies

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Description

TREATWTRYN (HV237) indicates whether the household used any treatment to make water safer to drink.

The information in TREATWTRYN is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis.

Comparability

Along with universe differences, TREATWTRYN (HV237) varies slightly across samples in question wording. Most surveys asked about whether the household used any treatment to make water safer to drink; some samples, noted below, asked whether the household did anything to purify water.

Comparability - Standard DHS

TREATWTRYN is included in the standard DHS questionnaire from Phase V forward.

Universe

  • Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Albania 2008: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Albania 2017: All women age 15 - 59.
  • Angola 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Armenia 2010: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Armenia 2015: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Azerbaijan 2006: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Bangladesh 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 2011: Ever-married women age 12-49.
  • Bangladesh 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 2018: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Bangladesh 2022: Ever-married women age 15 - 49.
  • Benin 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Benin 2017: All women age 15-49.
  • Bolivia 2008: Women age 15 - 49 in households whose main source of drinking water is not piped to their dwelling/plot.
  • Burkina Faso 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Burkina Faso 2021: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Burundi 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Burundi 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Cambodia 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Cambodia 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Cambodia 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Cambodia 2021: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Cameroon 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Cameroon 2018: All women age 15-64.
  • Chad 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Comoros 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Congo Brazzaville 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Cote d'Ivoire 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Dominican Republic 2013: Women age 15 - 49 in households whose main source of drinking water is not bottled.
  • Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Ethiopia 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Gabon 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Gabon 2019: All women age 15-64.
  • Gambia 2013: Women age 15-49 in households that do not use bottled water as their main source of drinking water.
  • Gambia 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Ghana 2022: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Guatemala 2015: Women age 15 - 49 in households whose main source of drinking water is not bottled.
  • Guinea 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Guinea 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Guyana 2009: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Haiti 2006: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Haiti 2012: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Haiti 2016: All women age 15 - 64.
  • Honduras 2005: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Honduras 2011: Women age 15 - 49 in households whose main source of drinking water is not bottled.
  • India 1998: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • India 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • India 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • India 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Indonesia 2012: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Indonesia 2017: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Jordan 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2009: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 in households whose main source of drinking and non-drinking water is not bottled water.
  • Jordan 2023: Ever-married women age 15 - 49.
  • Kenya 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Kenya 2022: All women age 15-49.
  • Kyrgyz Republic 2012: All women age 16 - 49.
  • Lesotho 2009: All women age 15-49.
  • Lesotho 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Lesotho 2023: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Liberia 2007: All women age 15-49.
  • Liberia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Liberia 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Madagascar 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Madagascar 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Madagascar 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Malawi 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Maldives 2009: Ever-married women age 17 - 49.
  • Maldives 2016: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Mali 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Mali 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Mauritania 2021: All women age 15-49.
  • Morocco 2003: All women age 15-49.
  • Mozambique 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Mozambique 2022: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Myanmar 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Namibia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Nepal 2022: All women age 15-49.
  • Niger 2006: Women age 15-49 whose household's source of drinking water is a public tap, public well, or surface water from a spring, river, lake, or dam.
  • Niger 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Nigeria 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2006: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
  • Papua New Guinea 2016: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Peru 2006: Women age 15-49 whose household's source of drinking water is piped water, well water, surface water, or tanker truck.
  • Peru 2009: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Peru 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Peru 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Peru 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Philippines 2008: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Philippines 2013: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Philippines 2017: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Philippines 2022: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Rwanda 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Rwanda 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Sao Tome 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2005: Women age 15-49 in households whose main source of drinking water is not bottled water.
  • Senegal 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2012: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2014: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2017: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • Senegal 2023: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Sierra Leone 2008: All women age 15-49.
  • Sierra Leone 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Sierra Leone 2019: All women age 15-49.
  • South Africa 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Tajikistan 2012: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Tajikistan 2017: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Tanzania 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Tanzania 2022: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Timor-Leste 2009: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Timor-Leste 2016: All women age 15 - 49.
  • Togo 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2006: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2011: All women age 15-49.
  • Uganda 2016: All women age 15-49.
  • Yemen 1991: Ever-married women age 15-54.
  • Yemen 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2007: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2013: All women age 15-49.
  • Zambia 2018: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2005: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2010: All women age 15-49.
  • Zimbabwe 2015: All women age 15-49.
  • Afghanistan: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W
  • Albania: 2008-W, 2008-H, 2008-C, 2008-B, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-H
  • Angola: 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W
  • Armenia: 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-B, 2010-H, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-H
  • Azerbaijan: 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-H
  • Bangladesh: 2007-W, 2007-M, 2007-H, 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-B, 2011-H, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-M, 2011-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B, 2014-H, 2014-W, 2018-H, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-W, 2022-W, 2022-C, 2022-B, 2022-H
  • Benin: 2006-M, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2011-B, 2011-M, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2011-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-M, 2017-H, 2017-W
  • Bolivia: 2008-H, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W
  • Burkina Faso: 2010-M, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-H, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-B, 2021-H
  • Burundi: 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-H, 2010-M, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-W, 2016-M, 2016-H, 2016-W
  • Cambodia: 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2010-B, 2010-C, 2010-W, 2014-C, 2014-B, 2014-W, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-B, 2021-H
  • Cameroon: 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-M, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H
  • Chad: 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-B, 2014-M, 2014-H
  • Comoros: 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-M, 2012-H, 2012-W
  • Congo (Democratic Republic): 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-M, 2013-H
  • Congo Brazzaville: 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-H, 2011-M
  • Cote d'Ivoire: 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-M, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-B, 2021-H
  • Dominican Republic: 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-H, 2013-W
  • Egypt: 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-H, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2014-H, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-W, 2014-W
  • Eswatini (Swaziland): 2006-W, 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-H, 2006-M, 2006-W
  • Ethiopia: 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-H, 2005-M, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2011-M, 2011-C, 2011-H, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2016-W, 2016-H, 2016-M, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Gabon: 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-H, 2012-M, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B, 2019-H
  • Gambia: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B, 2019-M, 2019-H
  • Ghana: 2008-W, 2008-H, 2008-M, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2014-B, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2014-M, 2022-W, 2022-C, 2022-B, 2022-H
  • Guatemala: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-H, 2015-B
  • Guinea: 2012-B, 2012-M, 2012-C, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H, 2018-W
  • Guyana: 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-H
  • Haiti: 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-W, 2012-H, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-H
  • Honduras: 2005-W, 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-H, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2011-B, 2011-H
  • India: 1998-W, 1998-C, 1998-B, 1998-H, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-M, 2005-B, 2005-C, 2005-W, 2015-W, 2015-C, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-B, 2019-M, 2019-H
  • Indonesia: 2012-B, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2012-C, 2017-W, 2017-H, 2017-C, 2017-B
  • Jordan: 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-C, 2007-W, 2007-H, 2009-H, 2009-W, 2009-W, 2009-B, 2009-C, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2017-W, 2017-B, 2017-H, 2017-M, 2017-C, 2017-W, 2023-W, 2023-C, 2023-B, 2023-H
  • Kenya: 2008-H, 2008-W, 2008-M, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2014-W, 2014-W, 2014-M, 2022-H, 2022-B, 2022-C, 2022-W
  • Kyrgyz Republic: 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-H
  • Lesotho: 2009-W, 2009-W, 2009-H, 2009-M, 2009-B, 2009-C, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-M, 2014-W, 2014-H, 2014-W, 2023-W, 2023-C, 2023-B, 2023-H
  • Liberia: 2007-W, 2007-H, 2007-M, 2007-B, 2007-C, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2013-H, 2013-W, 2019-W, 2019-H, 2019-M, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W
  • Madagascar: 2008-H, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-C, 2008-W, 2008-M, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-H, 2021-M, 2021-H, 2021-B, 2021-C, 2021-W
  • Malawi: 2010-C, 2010-M, 2010-W, 2010-H, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2016-M, 2016-W, 2016-H, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Maldives: 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-H, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-H
  • Mali: 2006-C, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-M, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-H, 2012-M, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H, 2018-W
  • Mauritania: 2021-W, 2021-C, 2021-B, 2021-H
  • Morocco: 2003-W, 2003-C, 2003-B, 2003-H, 2003-W
  • Mozambique: 2011-B, 2011-M, 2011-C, 2011-H, 2011-W, 2011-W, 2022-W, 2022-C, 2022-B, 2022-H
  • Myanmar: 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-B, 2015-M, 2015-H, 2015-W
  • Namibia: 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-M, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2013-B, 2013-M, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2013-H, 2013-W
  • Nepal: 2006-M, 2006-H, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-W, 2011-W, 2011-B, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2011-H, 2011-M, 2016-W, 2016-M, 2016-H, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2022-W, 2022-C, 2022-B, 2022-H
  • Niger: 2006-B, 2006-C, 2006-M, 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-M, 2012-W, 2012-H, 2012-W
  • Nigeria: 2008-H, 2008-W, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-M, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2013-W, 2013-H, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2018-H, 2018-W, 2018-M, 2018-B, 2018-C, 2018-W
  • Pakistan: 2006-W, 2006-H, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-H, 2012-W, 2012-M, 2012-W, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-M, 2017-H, 2017-W
  • Papua New Guinea: 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-H
  • Peru: 2006-H, 2006-B, 2006-W, 2006-C, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-H, 2009-W, 2010-C, 2010-H, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2011-B, 2011-H, 2011-C, 2011-W, 2012-B, 2012-W, 2012-H, 2012-C
  • Philippines: 2008-H, 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-W, 2013-H, 2013-B, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2017-H, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2022-W, 2022-C, 2022-B, 2022-H
  • Rwanda: 2010-H, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-C, 2010-M, 2010-B, 2014-W, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2014-M, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2019-M, 2019-H, 2019-B, 2019-C, 2019-W
  • Sao Tome: 2008-W, 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-M, 2008-H
  • Senegal: 2005-M, 2005-B, 2005-W, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-C, 2010-B, 2010-W, 2010-H, 2010-W, 2010-M, 2010-C, 2012-W, 2012-B, 2012-C, 2012-W, 2012-H, 2014-M, 2014-W, 2014-B, 2014-C, 2014-H, 2014-W, 2015-H, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-W, 2015-M, 2016-H, 2016-C, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-W, 2016-M, 2017-W, 2017-M, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-H, 2017-B, 2018-B, 2018-C, 2018-W, 2019-C, 2019-W, 2019-B, 2023-W, 2023-C, 2023-B, 2023-H
  • Sierra Leone: 2008-C, 2008-B, 2008-H, 2008-M, 2008-W, 2008-W, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2019-M, 2019-B, 2019-W, 2019-C, 2019-W, 2019-H
  • South Africa: 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-M, 2016-H, 2016-W
  • Tajikistan: 2012-W, 2012-C, 2012-B, 2012-H, 2017-W, 2017-C, 2017-B, 2017-H
  • Tanzania: 2010-C, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2010-H, 2010-W, 2010-M, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W, 2015-H, 2015-M, 2015-W, 2022-W, 2022-C, 2022-B, 2022-H
  • Timor-Leste: 2009-W, 2009-C, 2009-B, 2009-H, 2016-W, 2016-C, 2016-B, 2016-H
  • Togo: 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-M
  • Uganda: 2006-W, 2006-M, 2006-H, 2006-W, 2006-B, 2006-C, 2011-H, 2011-B, 2011-W, 2011-M, 2011-W, 2011-C, 2016-H, 2016-M, 2016-W, 2016-B, 2016-C, 2016-W
  • Yemen: 1991-W, 1991-C, 1991-B, 1991-H, 2013-W, 2013-C, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-W
  • Zambia: 2007-B, 2007-W, 2007-H, 2007-W, 2007-M, 2007-C, 2013-M, 2013-W, 2013-B, 2013-H, 2013-C, 2013-W, 2018-W, 2018-C, 2018-B, 2018-M, 2018-H, 2018-W
  • Zimbabwe: 2005-C, 2005-B, 2005-H, 2005-W, 2005-W, 2005-M, 2010-C, 2010-H, 2010-M, 2010-W, 2010-W, 2010-B, 2015-W, 2015-H, 2015-M, 2015-B, 2015-C, 2015-W