Codes and Frequencies
Description
WATCHCLOCK indicates whether the household has access to a timepiece, either a watch or a clock. The related variable CLOCKONLY indicates whether the household has a clock. See Comparability.
The information in WATCHCLOCK is taken from the household record and applies to regular household residents, not temporary visitors. Researchers may wish to exclude visitors using the RESIDENT variable (with visitors coded "2") when women, children, or births are the unit of analysis, and using the HHRESIDENT variable when household members are the unit of analysis.
Comparability — Index
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GENERAL Afghanistan Bangladesh Burundi Cameroon Ethiopia |
Ghana India Kenya Lesotho Myanmar Namibia |
Nepal Pakistan Rwanda South Africa Uganda |
Comparability
Along with universe differences, WATCHCLOCK varies in question wording across samples. Most often, the interviewer asked "Does any member of your household own a watch?" Some surveys focused on the presence of a clock in the household; see discussion of specific samples below.
Comparability - Standard DHS
Beginning in Phase 5, the standard DHS questionnaire included the question "Does any member of this household own a watch?"
Comparability — Afghanistan [top]
The 2015 Afghanistan survey asked whether any member of the household owned a watch.
Comparability — Bangladesh [top]
The 1994, 1997, 2000, and 2004 Bangladesh surveys ask whether the household has a watch or clock. The 2007 Bangladesh survey refers to only a watch.
Comparability — Burundi [top]
The 2010 and 2016 Burundi surveys asked whether any member of the household owned a watch.
Comparability — Cameroon [top]
The 2011 Cameroonian survey asked whether any member of the household owned a watch or clock. The 2018 Cameroon survey asked about ownership of a watch only.
Comparability — Ethiopia [top]
The 2005 and 2016 Ethiopian surveys asked whether the household had a watch; the 2011 Ethiopian survey asked whether the household had either a watch or a clock.
Comparability — Ghana [top]
The 2016 Ghana survey asked whether the household had a wristwatch.
Comparability — India [top]
The 1992 and 1998 Indian surveys asked, "Does the household own a clock or watch?" The 2015 Indian survey asked whether the household had a watch or clock.
Comparability — Kenya [top]
The 2008 Kenyan survey asked, "Does your household have a clock or watch?"
Comparability — Lesotho [top]
The 2009 and 2014 Lesotho surveys asked whether any member of the household owned a watch.
Comparability — Myanmar [top]
The 2015 Myanmar survey asked whether any member of the household owned a watch.
Comparability — Namibia [top]
The 2006 and 2013 Namibia surveys asked whether any member of the household owned a watch.
Comparability — Nepal [top]
The 2006 Nepal survey asked whether the household had "watch/clock." The 2011 and 2016 Nepal surveys collected information separately about the household's possession of a watch and a clock.
Comparability — Pakistan [top]
The 2006, 2012, and 2017 Pakistan surveys asked, "Does any member of this household own a watch?"
Comparability — Rwanda [top]
The 2019 Rwandan survey asked whether any member of the household owns a watch.
Comparability — South Africa [top]
The 2016 South African survey asked whether any household member owned a watch "in working condition."
Comparability — Uganda [top]
The 2016 Ugandan survey asked whether any member of the household owns a watch.
Universe
- Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Bangladesh 1994: Ever-married women age 10-49.
- Bangladesh 1997: Ever-married women age 10-49.
- Bangladesh 2000: Ever-married women age 10-49.
- Bangladesh 2004: Ever-married women age 10-49.
- Bangladesh 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Benin 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Benin 2017: All women age 15-49.
- Burkina Faso 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Burundi 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Burundi 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Cameroon 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Cameroon 2018: All women age 15-64.
- Chad 2014: All women age 15-49.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Congo Brazzaville 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: All women age 15-49.
- Ethiopia 2005: All women age 15-49.
- Ethiopia 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Ethiopia 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Ethiopia 2019: All women age 15-49.
- Ghana 2014: All women age 15-49.
- Ghana 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Guinea 2018: All women age 15-49.
- India 1992: Ever-married women age 13-49.
- India 1998: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- India 2015: All women age 15-49.
- Kenya 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Kenya 2014: All women age 15-49.
- Lesotho 2009: All women age 15-49.
- Lesotho 2014: All women age 15-49.
- Liberia 2007: All women age 15-49.
- Liberia 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Madagascar 2008: All women age 15-49.
- Malawi 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Malawi 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Mali 2012: All women age 15-49.
- Mozambique 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Myanmar 2015: All women age 15-49.
- Namibia 2006: All women age 15-49.
- Namibia 2013: All women age 15-64.
- Nepal 2006: All women age 15-49.
- Nepal 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Nepal 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Niger 2012: All women age 15-49.
- Nigeria 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Nigeria 2018: All women age 15-49.
- Pakistan 2006: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Pakistan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49.
- Rwanda 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Rwanda 2014: All women age 15-49.
- South Africa 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Tanzania 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Tanzania 2015: All women age 15-49.
- Togo 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Uganda 2011: All women age 15-49.
- Uganda 2016: All women age 15-49.
- Zambia 2007: All women age 15-49.
- Zambia 2013: All women age 15-49.
- Zambia 2018: All women age 15-49.
- Zimbabwe 2005: All women age 15-49.
- Zimbabwe 2010: All women age 15-49.
- Zimbabwe 2015: All women age 15-49.
