Survey Text

Bangladesh 1994 Egypt 1995 Mali 1987 South Africa 1998
Bangladesh 1997 Ghana 1988 Mali 1995 Sri Lanka 1987
Bangladesh 2000 Ghana 1993 Morocco 1987 Sudan 1989
Bangladesh 2004 Ghana 1998 Morocco 1992 Tanzania 1991
Benin 1996 Guinea 1999 Mozambique 1997 Tanzania 1996
Burkina Faso 1993 India 1992 Namibia 1992 Togo 1988
Burkina Faso 1998 India 1998 Nepal 1996 Togo 1998
Burundi 1987 Jordan 1990 Niger 1992 Tunisia 1988
Cameroon 1991 Jordan 1997 Niger 1998 Yemen 1991
Cameroon 1998 Kenya 1989 Nigeria 1990 Zambia 1992
Central African Republic 1995 Kenya 1993 Nigeria 1999 Zambia 1996
Chad 1996 Kenya 1998 Pakistan 1991 Zimbabwe 1988
Cote d'Ivoire 1994 Liberia 1986 Rwanda 1992 Zimbabwe 1994
Cote d'Ivoire 1998 Madagascar 1992 Senegal 1986 Zimbabwe 1999
Egypt 1988 Madagascar 1997 Senegal 1992
Egypt 1992 Malawi 1992 Senegal 1997
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Bangladesh 1994
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Bangladesh 1997
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Bangladesh 2000
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111. Can you read and write a letter in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Bangladesh 2004
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111) Now I would like you to read this sentence to me.

SHOW CARD TO RESPONDENT.

IF RESPONDENT CANNOT READ WHOLE SENTENCE, PROBE: Can you read any part of the sentence to me?

CANNOT READ AT ALL 1
ABLE TO READ ONLY PART OF SENTENCE 2
ABLE TO READ WHOLE SENTENCE 3
NO CARD WITH REQUIRED LANGUAGE (SPECIFY LANGUAGE): _______ 4

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Benin 1996
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Burkina Faso 1993
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Burkina Faso 1998
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Burundi 1987
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113. Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3

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Cameroon 1991
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Cameroon 1998
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Central African Republic 1995
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Chad 1996
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114) Do you know how to read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Cote d'Ivoire 1994
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Cote d'Ivoire 1998
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Egypt 1988
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112. Can you read a newspaper, a magazine or a letter, for example?

YES 1
NO 2 (GO TO 115)

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Egypt 1992
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109) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 111)

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Egypt 1995
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Ghana 1988
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113. Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3

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Ghana 1993
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111. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all in any language?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Ghana 1998
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Guinea 1999
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 115A)

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India 1992
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108. Are you living with your husband now or is he staying elsewhere?

LIVING WITH HIM 1 (GO TO 111)
STAYING ELSEWHERE 2

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India 1998
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119. Can you read and write?

YES 1
NO 2 (GO TO 121)

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Jordan 1990
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109) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 111)

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Jordan 1997
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Kenya 1989
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113. Can you read a letter or newspaper in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3

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Kenya 1993
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111. Can you read a letter or newspaper in any language easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Kenya 1998
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Liberia 1986
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113. Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3

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Madagascar 1992
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Madagascar 1997
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Malawi 1992
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111. Are you able to read and understand English or Chichewa easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Mali 1987
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112. Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3
INCAPABLE/BLIND 4

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Mali 1995
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Morocco 1987
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113. Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 115)

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Morocco 1992
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Mozambique 1997
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Namibia 1992
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Nepal 1996
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114. Can you read this sentence? (SHOW SENTENCE TO BE READ)

READS EASILY 1
READS WITH DIFFICULTY 2
IS NOT ABLE TO READ 3 (SKIP TO 116)

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Niger 1992
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Niger 1998
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Nigeria 1990
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Nigeria 1999
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Pakistan 1991
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Rwanda 1992
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Senegal 1986
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113. Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3

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Senegal 1992
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Senegal 1997
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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South Africa 1998
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114 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper in your home language easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Sri Lanka 1987
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113) Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficult, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 115)

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Sudan 1989
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113 Can you read a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at art?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3

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Tanzania 1991
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107. Can you read and write kiswahili easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 109)

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Tanzania 1996
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107. Can you read and write kiswahili easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 109)

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Togo 1988
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115) Can you read a letter or newspaper in a national or foreign language easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3

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Togo 1998
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or a newspaper, easily, with difficulty, or not at all in French or in another language?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Tunisia 1988
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115) Can you read a letter or a newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 117

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Yemen 1991
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114) Can you read a letter or newspaper?

YES 1
NO 2 (GO TO 117)

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Zambia 1992
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111 Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 113)

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Zambia 1996
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114. Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Zimbabwe 1988
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108) Can you read a letter or newspaper in any language?

YES 1
NO 2 (GO TO 110)

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Zimbabwe 1994
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (GO TO 116)

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Zimbabwe 1999
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114) Can you read and understand a letter or newspaper easily, with difficulty, or not at all?

EASILY 1
WITH DIFFICULTY 2
NOT AT ALL 3 (SKIP TO 116)