DELNURM_ALL variables are 1-digit variables.
0 = No
1 = Yes
8 = Missing
9 = NIU (not in universe)
Description
For children born in the three to five years preceding the survey, DELNURM_ALL (M3B_x) indicates whether a nurse or midwife (categories combined or not distinguished) assisted with the child's delivery.
DELNURM_ALL consists of a set of six separate variables, covering the most recent birth (DELNURM_01) up to the sixth-most-recent birth (i.e., DELNURM_02, DELNURM_03, DELNURM_04, DELNURM_05, and DELNURM_06) during the reference period prior to the survey. If DELNURM_ALL is included in a data extract, all these separate variables are included in a researcher's data file.
For surveys including this question, information for this variable was collected on all births, up to a maximum of six, in the reference period. In many cases, data were hypothetically collected on up to six births, but no women in the survey had so many births (e.g., no woman had 4 or more births in 3 years, or had 5 or 6 births in 5 years). If, for example, no woman in a survey had 6 births in five years and only blank values were included in the original DHS file, then DELNURM_06 would not be available for that survey in IPUMS-DHS.
Some samples in the "DEL" series include categories that can be consolidated into a single response. IPUMS-DHS uses supplemental programming to combine these responses in a standard variable, such as DELNURM_ALL, while preserving the separate responses in country-specific variables.
For example, a given sample might include separate categories for nurse and midwife that could be combined to create a more comprehensive response category. See Comparability for more information on the specific categories in this variable.
Comparability — Index
Comparability
In addition to universe differences, DELNURM_ALL varies slightly in question wording. Most commonly, this response category is organized under the "Health Personnel" header and is worded as "nurse/midwife." Some countries diverge from this standard convention, and, in some cases, multiple categories were consolidated to form a single, more comprehensive response. Countries of particular interest are noted below.
Comparability - Standard DHS
DELNURM_ALL (M3B_x) is included in the standard DHS questionnaire for Phase II forward.
Comparability — Angola [top]
The 2015 Angola survey includes separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELAO1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELAO2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Bangladesh [top]
The 1994, 1997, and 2000 Bangladesh surveys include the survey response "nurse/midwife." The 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014 Bangladesh surveys include the related survey response "nurse/midwife/paramedic" (DELBD3_ALL).
Comparability — Burkina Faso [top]
The 2003 Burkina Faso survey includes the similar variable "nurse/midwife/medical assistant" (DELBF4_ALL). The 1998 and 2010 Burkina Faso surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELBF1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELBF2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Burundi [top]
The 2010 Burundi survey includes the response "nurse/midwife." The 2016 Burundi survey includes separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELBI1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELBI2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Chad [top]
The 1996 and 2004 Chad surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELTD1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELTD2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Congo (Democratic Republic) [top]
The 2007 and 2013 Democratic Republic of the Congo surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELCD1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELCD2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Congo Brazzaville [top]
The 2005 and 2011 Congo Brazzaville surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELCG1_ALL in IPUMS DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELCG2_ALL in IPUMS DHS
Comparability — Cote d'Ivoire [top]
The 1994 and 1998 Cote d'Ivoire surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELCI1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELCI2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Ethiopia [top]
The 2011 Ethiopian survey includes the response "nurse/midwife." The 2000 and 2005 Ethiopian surveys include the response "health professional" (DELET1_ALL), which would include doctors, nurses, and midwives.
The 2016 and 2019 Ethiopia surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELET4_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELET5_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Ghana [top]
The 1993 and 1998 Ghana surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
Comparability — Guinea [top]
The 1999, 2005, and 2012 Guinea surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELGN1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELGN2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Madagascar [top]
The 2003 and 2008 Madagascar surveys include the related variable "nurse/midwife/medical assistant" (DELMG3_ALL). The 1992 and 1997 Madagascar surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELMG1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELMG2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Mali [top]
The 2006 Mali survey includes separate categories for "obstetrics nurse," "other nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these three responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Obstetrics nurse is listed as DELML1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Other nurse is listed as DELML2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELML3_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Morocco [top]
The 1992 Morocco survey includes separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELMA1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELMA2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Mozambique [top]
The 2003 and 2011 Mozambique surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELMZ1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELMZ2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Nepal [top]
The 1996 and 2001 Nepal surveys include "Nurse/auxiliary nurse midwife" as a response category. The 2006, 2011, and 2016 Nepal surveys include the more standard "Nurse/midwife" as a response category.
Comparability — Niger [top]
The 2006 Niger survey includes separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELNE1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELNE2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Nigeria [top]
The 1990 Nigeria survey includes the related variable "nurse/midwife/community health officer" (DELNG1_ALL).
Comparability — Pakistan [top]
The 2017 Pakistan survey includes separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELPK1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELPK8_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Senegal [top]
The 2005, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2019 Senegal surveys include separate categories for "nurse" and "midwife." Because DELNURM_ALL focuses on the combined category of nurse/midwife, these two responses are consolidated in this variable to create a more comprehensive response category. For researchers interested in preserving these country-specific categories:
- Nurse is listed as DELSN1_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
- Midwife is listed as DELSN2_ALL in IPUMS-DHS
Comparability — Yemen [top]
The 1991 Yemen survey includes "Trained nurse/midwife" as a response category. The 2013 Yemen survey includes the more standard "Nurse/midwife" as a response category.
Universe
- Afghanistan 2015: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Angola 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 1994: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 1997: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Bangladesh 2000: Ever-married women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Benin 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Benin 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burkina Faso 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Burundi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 1991: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cameroon 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Central African Republic 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Chad 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Chad 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo (Democratic Republic) 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo Brazzaville 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Congo Brazzaville 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 1994: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Cote d'Ivoire 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 1992: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 1995: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2000: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2003: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2005: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2008: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Egypt 2014: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Eswatini (Swaziland) 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ethiopia 2019: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Ghana 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Ghana 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Guinea 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- India 1992: Ever-married women age 13-49 who gave birth in the 4 years before the survey.
- Jordan 1990: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 1997: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2002: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2007: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2012: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Jordan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 1993: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Kenya 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Lesotho 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Liberia 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Liberia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Madagascar 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Malawi 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Malawi 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mali 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Morocco 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Morocco 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 1997: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Mozambique 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2000: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Namibia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 1996: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2001: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nepal 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Niger 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Niger 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 1999: Women age 10-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2003: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Nigeria 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Pakistan 2017: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Rwanda 2008: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2012: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2014: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Senegal 2017: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- South Africa 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- South Africa 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1991: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2004: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Tanzania 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Togo 1998: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Togo 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 1995: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 4 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2006: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2011: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Uganda 2016: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Yemen 1991: Ever-married women age 15-54 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Yemen 2013: Ever-married women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 1992: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 1996: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2001: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2007: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2013: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zambia 2018: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 1994: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 3 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 1999: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2005: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2010: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
- Zimbabwe 2015: Women age 15-49 who gave birth in the 5 years before the survey.
